Conditional Type 2 - The Unreal Present

Learn how to express hypothetical situations in the present. Master the structure and usage of the second conditional.

Video Lesson

The second conditional, also called "the unreal present", is used to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or future. It is often used to express dreams, wishes, or imaginary situations.

Remember: Use "were" instead of "was" for all subjects in the "if" clause!

To express the unreal present (condiotional type 2), use the follwoing structure:

If + Simple Past + Would/Could/Might + Verb (base form)

Alternatively, you can also structure it as:

Would/Could/Might + Verb + If + Simple Past

Examples:

  • If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.
  • I would travel the world if I had a million dollars.
  • If I were you, I would study harder.
  • I would study harder If I were you.

Key Points:

  • Use were instead of was for all subjects (I, he, she, it, we, they) in the "if" clause.
  • The second conditional is used for situations that are unreal or unlikely to happen.
  • It can be used to give advice (e.g., "If I were you...").

Instruction: Complete the sentences with the correct verb form.

Remember the structure: If + Simple Past + Would/Could/Might + Verb (base form)

1. If people used public transportations, there (be) less pollution.

2. He would sort his trash, if he (be) smart.

3. If big corporations cared more about the environment, pollution from factories (not increase) so fast.

4. If I (be) the city mayor, I would pass harder regulations on cars and motorcycles.

5. What (you/do) if you were the city mayor?

6. If I (have) one million dirhams, I would start a business.

7. If he studied harder, he (get) better grades.

8. She would be happy if she (not live) far from her family.

9. If I were you, I (not buy) this expensive smartphone.

10. If he (speak) English very well, he could get a better job.